RTS INTELLIGENCE

In-country sourcing · Investigation · Risk in MEA

The source layer for due diligence in places where data isn't enough.

Stop Guessing. Start Knowing.

Roots Intelligence is an in-country sourcing firm operating across the Middle East and Africa. Verification, asset tracing, complex investigation, and subject-matter expertise supplied to consultancies, law firms, and corporates working in jurisdictions where automated DD reaches its limits.

§ 02 · Coverage

Sourced presence across the Middle East and Africa.

Fifty-two jurisdictions, organised into seven regional desks. Open desks operate for direct engagement; the remainder by referral. Click through to the country catalogue for the full operating posture per jurisdiction.

35° N · 18° W 35° N · 60° E 8° S · 18° W 8° S · 60° E CASABLANCA MEA-MAR CAIRO MEA-EGY RIYADH MEA-KSA DUBAI MEA-UAE LAGOS MEA-NGA NAIROBI MEA-KEN JO'BURG MEA-ZAF
Open desk
Referral only
Verified source

§ 03 · Coverage at scale

Where the registry ends, the desks begin.

Roots Intelligence maintains active country desks and verified sources across Fifty-Two jurisdictions in MEA. Coverage extends from the GCC and Levant through the Maghreb to East, Southern, West, and Central Africa — including jurisdictions where most automated DD platforms cover thinly or not at all.

Jurisdictions
52
Active sourcing posture across MEA, organised into seven regional desks.
Verified sources
240+
Vetted in-country sources operating under Roots' compartmentation rules.
Network
38
Open desks across the region; the remainder operate by referral only.

§ 04 · Why Roots

Three differences that decide outcomes.

01 / IN-COUNTRY

Sources, not aggregated data.

Where automated tools rely on registry data and adverse media feeds, Roots adds a documented HUMINT layer — vetted local sources who validate, contextualise, and surface what isn't filed. The data layer is the floor, not the ceiling.

02 / COMPARTMENTED

Confidentiality by structure.

Every source on a Roots engagement sees only the slice of work assigned. Client identity, parallel jurisdictions, and sibling sources are not disclosed. Confidentiality is structural, not promised.

03 / SPECIALISED

Difficult MEA jurisdictions.

Roots was built for the jurisdictions where due diligence is hardest — Libya, Sudan, Yemen, the conflict-affected Sahel, sanctions-affected economies. Our hardest cases are where most firms decline to engage.

Ready when you are

An engagement starts with a clear scope — not a contact form.

Tell us the jurisdiction, the subject, and the question. Within one working day we revert with scope, fee, and timeline. If the work isn't right for us, we'll say so.

§ Coverage

Fifty-Two jurisdictions. Seven regional desks.

Each Roots country desk is a documented sourcing posture: named sources, declared tier coverage, operating languages, indicative timelines. The catalogue below is the firm's standing position. Click through for the desk page, the resources published from that jurisdiction, and the products available.

Jurisdictions
46
Network
38
By referral
8
Verified sources
240+

GCC — Gulf Cooperation Council

6 jurisdictions · All open
United Arab Emirates
MEA-UAE
TierT1–T3
LangAR · EN
Sources22
Open
Saudi Arabia
MEA-KSA
TierT1–T3
LangAR (EN ltd)
Sources17
Open
Desk page in preparation
Qatar
MEA-QAT
TierT1–T3
LangAR · EN
Sources9
Open
Desk page in preparation
Kuwait
MEA-KWT
TierT1–T3
LangAR · EN
Sources7
Open
Desk page in preparation
Bahrain
MEA-BHR
TierT1–T2
LangAR · EN
Sources6
Open
Desk page in preparation
Oman
MEA-OMN
TierT1–T3
LangAR · EN
Sources7
Open
Desk page in preparation

Levant & Iraq

6 jurisdictions · 5 open · 1 referral
Jordan
MEA-JOR
TierT1–T3
LangAR · EN
Sources11
Open
Lebanon
MEA-LBN
TierT2–T3
LangAR · FR · EN
Sources8
Open
Desk page in preparation
Syria
MEA-SYR
TierT3 only
LangAR
Sources4
Referral only
Desk page in preparation
Iraq (Federal)
MEA-IRQ
TierT2–T3
LangAR · EN
Sources7
Open
Desk page in preparation
Iraq — Kurdistan
MEA-KRI
TierT2–T3
LangAR · KU · EN
Sources5
Open
Desk page in preparation
Palestine
MEA-PSE
TierT2–T3
LangAR · EN
Sources5
Open
Desk page in preparation

Iran · Türkiye · Yemen

3 jurisdictions · 1 open · 2 referral
Iran
MEA-IRN
TierT3 only
LangFA · EN
Sources3
Referral only
Desk page in preparation
Türkiye
MEA-TUR
TierT1–T3
LangTR · EN
Sources10
Open
Yemen
MEA-YEM
TierT3 only
LangAR
Sources3
Referral only
Desk page in preparation

North Africa

7 jurisdictions · 5 open · 2 referral
Egypt
MEA-EGY
TierT1–T3
LangAR · EN
Sources14
Open
Libya
MEA-LBY
TierT3 only
LangAR
Sources6
Referral only
Desk page in preparation
Tunisia
MEA-TUN
TierT1–T3
LangAR · FR
Sources8
Open
Desk page in preparation
Algeria
MEA-DZA
TierT2–T3
LangAR · FR
Sources7
Open
Desk page in preparation
Morocco
MEA-MAR
TierT1–T3
LangAR · FR
Sources9
Open
Desk page in preparation
Sudan
MEA-SDN
TierT3 only
LangAR · EN
Sources5
Referral only
Desk page in preparation
Mauritania
MEA-MRT
TierT2–T3
LangAR · FR
Sources3
Open
Desk page in preparation

East Africa & Horn of Africa

10 jurisdictions · 8 open · 2 referral
Kenya
MEA-KEN
TierT1–T3
LangEN · SW
Sources11
Open
Tanzania
MEA-TZA
TierT2–T3
LangEN · SW
Sources7
Open
Desk page in preparation
Uganda
MEA-UGA
TierT2–T3
LangEN · SW
Sources6
Open
Desk page in preparation
Rwanda
MEA-RWA
TierT1–T2
LangEN · FR · RW
Sources5
Open
Desk page in preparation
Ethiopia
MEA-ETH
TierT3 only
LangAM · EN
Sources5
Open
Desk page in preparation
Eritrea
MEA-ERI
TierT3 only
LangTI · AR
Sources2
Referral only
Desk page in preparation
Djibouti
MEA-DJI
TierT2–T3
LangFR · AR
Sources3
Open
Desk page in preparation
Somalia
MEA-SOM
TierT3 only
LangSO · AR
Sources3
Referral only
Desk page in preparation
South Sudan
MEA-SSD
TierT3 only
LangEN · AR
Sources2
Open
Desk page in preparation
Burundi
MEA-BDI
TierT3 only
LangFR · RN
Sources2
Open
Desk page in preparation

Southern Africa

9 jurisdictions · All open
South Africa
MEA-ZAF
TierT1–T2
LangEN (+10)
Sources14
Open
Namibia
MEA-NAM
TierT1–T2
LangEN
Sources4
Open
Desk page in preparation
Botswana
MEA-BWA
TierT1–T2
LangEN · TN
Sources4
Open
Desk page in preparation
Zimbabwe
MEA-ZWE
TierT2–T3
LangEN
Sources6
Open
Desk page in preparation
Zambia
MEA-ZMB
TierT2–T3
LangEN
Sources5
Open
Desk page in preparation
Mozambique
MEA-MOZ
TierT2–T3
LangPT
Sources5
Open
Desk page in preparation
Angola
MEA-AGO
TierT2–T3
LangPT
Sources6
Open
Desk page in preparation
Mauritius
MEA-MUS
TierT1–T2
LangEN · FR
Sources7
Open
Desk page in preparation
Seychelles
MEA-SYC
TierT1–T2
LangEN · FR
Sources3
Open
Desk page in preparation

West Africa

7 jurisdictions · 6 open · 1 referral
Nigeria
MEA-NGA
TierT1–T3
LangEN
Sources13
Open
Ghana
MEA-GHA
TierT1–T2
LangEN
Sources7
Open
Desk page in preparation
Côte d'Ivoire
MEA-CIV
TierT2–T3
LangFR
Sources7
Open
Desk page in preparation
Senegal
MEA-SEN
TierT2–T3
LangFR
Sources6
Open
Desk page in preparation
Mali
MEA-MLI
TierT3 only
LangFR
Sources3
Referral only
Desk page in preparation
Sierra Leone
MEA-SLE
TierT2–T3
LangEN
Sources3
Open
Desk page in preparation
Liberia
MEA-LBR
TierT2–T3
LangEN
Sources3
Open
Desk page in preparation

Central Africa

4 jurisdictions · 3 open · 1 referral
Cameroon
MEA-CMR
TierT2–T3
LangFR · EN
Sources5
Open
Desk page in preparation
Gabon
MEA-GAB
TierT2–T3
LangFR
Sources3
Open
Desk page in preparation
DR Congo
MEA-COD
TierT3 only
LangFR
Sources5
Open
Desk page in preparation
Central African Rep.
MEA-CAF
TierT3 only
LangFR
Sources2
Referral only
Desk page in preparation
Coverage / North Africa / Egypt

MEA-EGY · Cairo Desk

Egypt — sourcing where the registry stops short.

Egypt is a jurisdiction where corporate filings reach the public record only partially, where court records remain primarily in-person, and where the operating reality of a subject is best understood through documented HUMINT. The Cairo desk has been active since 2019.

Cairo desk · standing position

Sources
14 vetted
Tier
T1 — T3
Languages
AR · EN
Active since
2019
SLA — standard
5–10 days
SLA — investigative
21–45 days
Open for engagement

Source matrix

What's where in Egypt.

Each task category in Egypt sits at a known source tier — public, paid public, HUMINT, or restricted access requiring a lawful basis. The matrix below is the firm's standing assessment; it is what we scope to when an engagement opens.

Task categoryTierOperational note
Corporate registry extractionT2 / T3GAFI portal partial; full extracts often require in-person retrieval.
Group structure mappingT3Combination of registry retrieval and HUMINT triangulation; group-level transparency limited.
UBO identificationT3UBO regime applies; verification typically combines registry signals with discreet enquiry.
Litigation — civil & commercialT3Limited online indexing; HUMINT through court runners is the operational norm.
Litigation — criminalT3Not publicly accessible; discreet HUMINT only, with declared source-protection.
Regulatory enforcementT1 / T2Sector regulators publish enforcement records selectively; deeper signal via HUMINT.
Adverse media (AR + EN)T1Strong Arabic-language press; bilingual screening required for full coverage.
Source of wealth narrativeT3Heavy reliance on market enquiry, family-business mapping, and known-source HUMINT.
Real estate / asset recordsT3 / T4Land registry access typically requires lawful basis; advised through Legal at scoping.
Reputation & integrityT3Cairo desk relationships across sectors; documented method, source-protected output.

Engage Cairo desk

Tell us the subject and the question — we revert with scope and fee within one working day.

Engagement starts with a clear scope, not a contact form. Provide a brief paragraph; we'll come back with what's possible, in what timeframe, at what cost.

Coverage / GCC / United Arab Emirates

MEA-UAE · Dubai Desk

United Arab Emirates — sourcing across mainland and free zones.

The UAE has improved corporate transparency materially since 2020 — UBO disclosure is now mandatory under Cabinet Resolution 58/2020 and amended by 109/2023, but the register itself remains closed to the public. Free zones operate their own registrars, including DIFC and ADGM under their own frameworks. The Dubai desk has been active since 2018 and operates across all seven emirates.

Dubai Desk · standing position

Sources
22 vetted
Tier
T1 — T3
Languages
AR · EN
Active since
2018
SLA — standard
3–7 days
SLA — investigative
18–35 days
Open for engagement

Source matrix

What's where in United Arab Emirates.

Each task category in United Arab Emirates sits at a known source tier — public, paid public, HUMINT, or restricted access requiring a lawful basis. The matrix below is the firm's standing assessment; it is what we scope to when an engagement opens.

Task categoryTierOperational note
Corporate registry extractionT1 / T2Mainland: DET (Dubai), DED (other emirates) issue trade licences; partial public data via individual portals. Free zones: each registrar operates separately (DIFC, ADGM, JAFZA, DMCC, etc.), with significant variation in what is publicly visible.
Group structure mappingT3Multi-emirate and free-zone group structures require triangulation across registrars; nominee arrangements common; HUMINT layer routinely needed for non-trivial cases.
UBO identificationT3UBO regime under Cabinet Resolution 58/2020 (amended 109/2023) is mandatory but the register is closed. Verification combines registrar filings with discreet enquiry and corroborating documents.
Litigation — civil & commercialT2 / T3Dubai Courts and ADGM/DIFC courts have varying online indexing; mainland courts generally require in-person retrieval or court-runner relationships; English-language DIFC/ADGM judgments are well-published.
Litigation — criminalT3Not publicly accessible; discreet HUMINT only, conducted within source-protection rules.
Regulatory enforcementT1 / T2Securities & Commodities Authority, Central Bank of UAE, DFSA, FSRA publish enforcement records on official portals; depth varies by regulator.
Adverse media (AR + EN)T1Strong English-language press (Gulf News, The National, Khaleej Times); Arabic press parallel coverage; bilingual screening standard.
Source of wealth narrativeT3Family-business and merchant-house structures dominant in UAE national wealth; HUMINT-led narrative work standard.
Real estate / asset recordsT3Dubai Land Department searchable for some data; Abu Dhabi DMT separate; access to comprehensive holdings typically requires lawful basis or counsel-routed enquiry.
Reputation & integrityT3Dubai desk relationships across financial, real-estate, hospitality, and trading sectors; documented method, source-protected output.

Engage Dubai Desk

Tell us the subject and the question — we revert with scope and fee within one working day.

Engagement starts with a clear scope, not a contact form. Provide a brief paragraph; we'll come back with what's possible, in what timeframe, at what cost.

Coverage / Levant & Iraq / Jordan

MEA-JOR · Amman Desk

Jordan — a documented registry, a HUMINT-led court layer.

Jordan's Companies Control Department maintains a relatively well-documented corporate registry, with paid extracts available in both Arabic and English. Court records, by contrast, remain heavily in-person, and source-of-wealth work in a small, tight-knit business community demands HUMINT over data. The Amman desk has been active since 2020.

Amman Desk · standing position

Sources
11 vetted
Tier
T1 — T3
Languages
AR · EN
Active since
2020
SLA — standard
5–10 days
SLA — investigative
21–40 days
Open for engagement

Source matrix

What's where in Jordan.

Each task category in Jordan sits at a known source tier — public, paid public, HUMINT, or restricted access requiring a lawful basis. The matrix below is the firm's standing assessment; it is what we scope to when an engagement opens.

Task categoryTierOperational note
Corporate registry extractionT2Companies Control Department (CCD) at the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Supply; paid extracts in Arabic, English summaries available; core fields (directors, shareholders, capital) reasonably reliable.
Group structure mappingT2 / T3CCD discloses direct shareholders; group-level transparency requires layered enquiry, particularly into Jordanian holding companies with regional subsidiaries.
UBO identificationT3UBO regime in force under AML Law amendments; register held with CCD but not publicly accessible. Verification combines registry signals with discreet enquiry.
Litigation — civil & commercialT3Limited online indexing through the Ministry of Justice portal; meaningful coverage requires court-runner retrieval at the Palace of Justice in Amman.
Litigation — criminalT3Not publicly accessible; HUMINT only, with declared source-protection.
Regulatory enforcementT1 / T2Central Bank of Jordan and Jordan Securities Commission publish enforcement actions selectively; sector regulators (telecoms, energy) less consistent in publication practice.
Adverse media (AR + EN)T1Established Arabic press (Al-Rai, Al-Ghad, Ad-Dustour) and English-language Jordan Times; bilingual screening recommended.
Source of wealth narrativeT3Tight-knit Jordanian business community where family-office structures and merchant-house relationships are central; documented HUMINT from named-source desk relationships.
Real estate / asset recordsT3 / T4Department of Land and Survey holds property records; access to comprehensive subject-level holdings typically requires lawful basis.
Reputation & integrityT3Amman desk relationships across banking, family-business, and government-contracting sectors; documented method, source-protected output.

Engage Amman Desk

Tell us the subject and the question — we revert with scope and fee within one working day.

Engagement starts with a clear scope, not a contact form. Provide a brief paragraph; we'll come back with what's possible, in what timeframe, at what cost.

Coverage / Türkiye

MEA-TUR · İstanbul Desk

Türkiye — strong public data, complex regulatory terrain.

Türkiye combines unusually strong public data — the MERSIS central registry, the Trade Registry Gazette, and a well-developed digital court infrastructure (UYAP) — with a regulatory environment that requires careful local navigation. UBO declarations are filed annually with the Revenue Administration but are not publicly accessible. The İstanbul desk has been active since 2019 and operates in Turkish, Arabic, and English.

İstanbul Desk · standing position

Sources
10 vetted
Tier
T1 — T3
Languages
TR · AR · EN
Active since
2019
SLA — standard
4–8 days
SLA — investigative
18–35 days
Open for engagement

Source matrix

What's where in Türkiye.

Each task category in Türkiye sits at a known source tier — public, paid public, HUMINT, or restricted access requiring a lawful basis. The matrix below is the firm's standing assessment; it is what we scope to when an engagement opens.

Task categoryTierOperational note
Corporate registry extractionT1MERSIS (Central Registry Record System) operated by the Ministry of Trade; basic company data (directors, capital, MERSIS number) publicly searchable, free of charge.
Group structure mappingT1 / T2Trade Registry Gazette (TTRG) publishes shareholder changes, capital alterations, and AGM resolutions; structured retrieval through Chamber of Commerce records gives strong group-level visibility.
UBO identificationT3UBO declarations filed annually with the Revenue Administration under Communiqué 529 (July 2021); register is not public; verification combines TTRG retrieval with HUMINT triangulation.
Litigation — civil & commercialT2UYAP (National Judiciary Informatics System) provides digital court access for authorised parties; civil-judgment searches well-supported through local counsel; meaningful retrieval routine.
Litigation — criminalT3Not publicly accessible; HUMINT-led only, conducted under source-protection.
Regulatory enforcementT1 / T2Capital Markets Board (SPK), BDDK (banking), Competition Authority publish enforcement records on official websites; sectoral coverage well-documented.
Adverse media (TR + EN)T1Strong Turkish press environment with politically diverse outlets; English-language coverage via Hürriyet Daily News, Daily Sabah, etc.; bilingual screening essential — Turkish coverage often surfaces signal that English does not.
Source of wealth narrativeT3Holding-company structures (the koza model) dominate Turkish private wealth; documented HUMINT layer required for credible source-of-wealth work.
Real estate / asset recordsT2 / T3Land Registry (Tapu) digitised; property ownership accessible with lawful basis; subject-level holdings usually require counsel-routed enquiry.
Reputation & integrityT3İstanbul desk relationships across financial, industrial, and family-business sectors; documented method, source-protected output.

Engage İstanbul Desk

Tell us the subject and the question — we revert with scope and fee within one working day.

Engagement starts with a clear scope, not a contact form. Provide a brief paragraph; we'll come back with what's possible, in what timeframe, at what cost.

Coverage / East Africa & Horn of Africa / Kenya

MEA-KEN · Nairobi Desk

Kenya — strong public layer, selective HUMINT depth.

Kenya combines a relatively well-functioning public data layer — the Business Registration Service portal and the public Beneficial Ownership Register established under the Companies Act 2015 — with a regional commercial complexity that rewards a documented HUMINT layer. The Nairobi desk has been active since 2019 and operates in English and Swahili.

Nairobi Desk · standing position

Sources
11 vetted
Tier
T1 — T3
Languages
EN · SW
Active since
2019
SLA — standard
5–9 days
SLA — investigative
21–40 days
Open for engagement

Source matrix

What's where in Kenya.

Each task category in Kenya sits at a known source tier — public, paid public, HUMINT, or restricted access requiring a lawful basis. The matrix below is the firm's standing assessment; it is what we scope to when an engagement opens.

Task categoryTierOperational note
Corporate registry extractionT1 / T2Business Registration Service (BRS) eCitizen portal provides searchable company data and CR-12 ownership extracts; paid retrieval; core company-existence and director data reliable.
Group structure mappingT2BRS retrieval surfaces direct shareholders; layered group structures and offshore parents require additional triangulation.
UBO identificationT2Beneficial Ownership Register established under the Companies (Beneficial Ownership Information) Regulations 2020; filings mandatory; non-public access by competent authorities, partial visibility through CR-12 extracts.
Litigation — civil & commercialT2Kenya Law (kenyalaw.org) publishes High Court and Court of Appeal judgments; case-tracking via judiciary's eFiling system for authorised parties; meaningful retrieval routine.
Litigation — criminalT3Not publicly accessible at full case level; charge-sheet and conviction searches via court-runner retrieval and HUMINT.
Regulatory enforcementT1 / T2Capital Markets Authority (CMA), Central Bank of Kenya, Competition Authority publish enforcement records; sectoral coverage well-documented.
Adverse media (EN + SW)T1Strong English-language press (Standard, Nation, Business Daily); Swahili coverage parallel; well-developed investigative-journalism scene.
Source of wealth narrativeT3Family-business and political-economy structures central to Kenyan private wealth; documented HUMINT essential for credible source-of-wealth work, particularly around politically-exposed subjects.
Real estate / asset recordsT3Ministry of Lands and the Ardhi Sasa platform digitise some property records; full subject-level holdings typically require lawful basis or counsel-routed enquiry.
Reputation & integrityT3Nairobi desk relationships across financial, commercial, NGO, and political sectors; documented method, source-protected output.

Engage Nairobi Desk

Tell us the subject and the question — we revert with scope and fee within one working day.

Engagement starts with a clear scope, not a contact form. Provide a brief paragraph; we'll come back with what's possible, in what timeframe, at what cost.

Coverage / Southern Africa / South Africa

MEA-ZAF · Johannesburg Desk

South Africa — strong public layer, deep institutional depth.

South Africa offers among the strongest public-data environments in MEA: CIPC corporate filings, a Beneficial Ownership Register operational since September 2023, the SAFLII case-law archive, and a well-developed investigative journalism scene. The desk's value is in the depth — translating the public layer into a defensible findings narrative. The Johannesburg desk has been active since 2020.

Johannesburg Desk · standing position

Sources
14 vetted
Tier
T1 — T2
Languages
EN (+10)
Active since
2020
SLA — standard
3–7 days
SLA — investigative
14–30 days
Open for engagement

Source matrix

What's where in South Africa.

Each task category in South Africa sits at a known source tier — public, paid public, HUMINT, or restricted access requiring a lawful basis. The matrix below is the firm's standing assessment; it is what we scope to when an engagement opens.

Task categoryTierOperational note
Corporate registry extractionT1Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC) BizPortal; searchable company data, paid extracts; core data reliable and well-structured.
Group structure mappingT1 / T2CIPC retrieval surfaces directors and shareholders; group-level mapping for South African private companies generally tractable.
UBO identificationT2Beneficial Ownership Register operational under General Laws Amendment Act 2022; filings mandatory since April 2023; register accessible to competent authorities and accountable institutions; partial public coverage developing.
Litigation — civil & commercialT1SAFLII (Southern African Legal Information Institute) provides comprehensive judgment archive; CaseLines for active matters; robust public-data layer.
Litigation — criminalT2 / T3Specific criminal matters generally not publicly indexed at case level; selected high-profile matters reported in press; HUMINT for comprehensive coverage.
Regulatory enforcementT1Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA), Prudential Authority, Competition Commission publish enforcement records; Public Protector and SIU reports available; sectoral coverage strong.
Adverse media (EN)T1Strong English-language press; investigative-journalism scene includes amaBhungane, Daily Maverick, GroundUp; deep adverse-media environment.
Source of wealth narrativeT2 / T3Mix of established corporate, family-business, and politically-connected wealth structures; credible source-of-wealth narrative typically combines public-record retrieval with documented HUMINT.
Real estate / asset recordsT2Deeds Office maintains property records; searchable through Lexisnexis Windeed and other platforms; subject-level holdings retrievable with lawful basis.
Reputation & integrityT2 / T3Johannesburg desk relationships across financial, mining, retail, and political sectors; documented method, source-protected output where required.

Engage Johannesburg Desk

Tell us the subject and the question — we revert with scope and fee within one working day.

Engagement starts with a clear scope, not a contact form. Provide a brief paragraph; we'll come back with what's possible, in what timeframe, at what cost.

Coverage / West Africa / Nigeria

MEA-NGA · Lagos Desk

Nigeria — open BO register, deep operational nuance.

Nigeria has, since 2023, operated one of MEA's few openly-public beneficial-ownership registers — the CAC's Persons with Significant Control (PSC) Register, accessible at bor.cac.gov.ng. The data layer has improved materially. What hasn't changed is the operational reality: politically-exposed subjects, layered nominee structures, and high-stakes investigative work in Africa's largest economy. The Lagos desk has been active since 2018.

Lagos Desk · standing position

Sources
13 vetted
Tier
T1 — T3
Languages
EN
Active since
2018
SLA — standard
5–9 days
SLA — investigative
21–45 days
Open for engagement

Source matrix

What's where in Nigeria.

Each task category in Nigeria sits at a known source tier — public, paid public, HUMINT, or restricted access requiring a lawful basis. The matrix below is the firm's standing assessment; it is what we scope to when an engagement opens.

Task categoryTierOperational note
Corporate registry extractionT1Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) public search at search.cac.gov.ng; basic company data publicly searchable; paid extracts via CAC portal; core data reliable on registered entities.
Group structure mappingT1 / T2CAC retrieval surfaces directors and shareholders; offshore and nominee layers require additional triangulation, particularly for high-net-worth Nigerian subjects.
UBO identificationT1PSC Register at bor.cac.gov.ng — fully public, operational since May 2023; threshold 5% (lower than UK norm); Nigeria adopted Open Ownership Data Standard in 2024.
Litigation — civil & commercialT2LawPavilion and Judy.legal index Nigerian Supreme Court and Court of Appeal judgments; Federal High Court and state court coverage variable; meaningful retrieval generally tractable with local counsel.
Litigation — criminalT3Not publicly accessible at full case level; HUMINT-led for criminal-record search and EFCC/ICPC enforcement intelligence.
Regulatory enforcementT1 / T2Securities and Exchange Commission, Central Bank of Nigeria, Federal Inland Revenue Service publish enforcement actions; EFCC and ICPC publication practice variable but significant signal where surfaced.
Adverse media (EN)T1Strong English-language press (Punch, Premium Times, Guardian, ThisDay); deep investigative scene including Premium Times Centre for Investigative Journalism.
Source of wealth narrativeT3Politically-connected wealth, oil-and-gas sector, banking-and-finance sector all require documented HUMINT for credible source-of-wealth work; family and patronage structures central.
Real estate / asset recordsT3Land registry varies by state; Lagos and Abuja best documented; full subject-level holdings typically require lawful basis.
Reputation & integrityT3Lagos desk relationships across financial, oil-and-gas, telecoms, and political sectors; documented method, source-protected output.

Engage Lagos Desk

Tell us the subject and the question — we revert with scope and fee within one working day.

Engagement starts with a clear scope, not a contact form. Provide a brief paragraph; we'll come back with what's possible, in what timeframe, at what cost.

Services / Asset Tracing

PRD · 02 · Commercial service

Asset Tracing — documented, jurisdictionally anchored, defensible.

A documented mapping of corporate, real-estate, and where lawful, financial assets associated with a named subject across one or more MEA jurisdictions. Designed for litigation support, judgment enforcement, M&A diligence on private vendors, and regulator-facing internal review.

At a glance

Scope1 subject · 1–4 jurisdictions
Timeline14–28 days (single jurisdiction)
Fee — fromUSD 7,500
Source tierT2 — T3
DeliverableFindings-based report with evidence index
UseInternal · regulator · litigation (note evidentiary limits)

§ 01

What's included.

Asset Tracing is delivered as a structured, findings-based report under the firm's QA discipline. The deliverable consolidates documented evidence into a single client-facing artefact, anchored by jurisdiction and category.

  • Corporate footprint mapping. Directorships, shareholdings, and group structures of the subject and adjacent entities, with primary-source citations and chain-of-custody on every filing retrieved.
  • Real-estate identification. Property records where lawfully accessible, with land-registry references; for jurisdictions where access requires a lawful basis, we advise on the route.
  • Disclosed financial holdings. Where regulator filings, press disclosures, or court extracts reveal financial holdings, we collate and corroborate; we do not access bank records absent legal instrument.
  • Cross-jurisdictional integration. Where the subject's footprint crosses borders, the findings-based final report integrates into a single narrative organised by asset category rather than by jurisdiction.
  • Evidence index. Every finding is supported by a referenceable evidence document, identified by source tier and date of retrieval.
  • Methodology and limitations statement. Plain-language declaration of what was searched, what was not, and where the gaps in the report lie.

§ 02

What's not.

Asset Tracing is a documented, source-attributed product. It is not a covert investigation; it is not pretexting; it does not access information unlawfully. Where a client's question can only be answered by methods Roots will not use, we say so at scoping rather than at delivery.

  • No access to bank records absent legal instrument. Bank confidentiality lifts require court order or comparable instrument; we route through the client's counsel.
  • No pretexting against the subject or third parties. All HUMINT enquiry is conducted within the firm's documented method standard.
  • No payments to public officials. Source access in any jurisdiction is via legitimate channels only.
  • No undisclosed surveillance. Physical observation, where required, is declared at scoping and conducted within applicable legal frameworks.

§ 03

How the work runs.

An Asset Tracing engagement runs on the firm's standard four-stage workflow. The transition between stages is QA-gated; the client receives a status update at each transition.

  • Scoping (1–2 days). Subject onboarding, sanctions and conflicts screening, scope confirmation, jurisdictional source matrix applied, fee and SLA agreed.
  • Execution (10–18 days, single jurisdiction). Country desk runs the scoped task list. Each task is conducted by a vetted source under the firm's compartmentation rules.
  • Quality assurance (2–4 days). The QA Reviewer applies the firm's three-gate checklist; queries to sources are structured and logged.
  • Delivery (1 day). The findings-based final report is delivered through the client portal; clarification window remains open for fourteen working days.

Frequently asked.

Can the report be used in court?

The report is structured for evidentiary defensibility — every finding carries source-tier classification and citation — but admissibility is a function of the receiving jurisdiction. We work with client counsel where the engagement is framed for litigation; where the engagement is for internal use only, we say so on the cover page.

What's the difference between Asset Tracing and Complex Investigation?

Asset Tracing is a documented mapping product with a defined scope and a predictable cost. Complex Investigation is open-scope investigative-grade work for sensitive subjects in difficult jurisdictions, typically deeper HUMINT-led, longer-running, and bespoke. We size the right product at scoping; sometimes the answer is one, sometimes the other, sometimes both in sequence.

How does multi-jurisdictional pricing work?

The first jurisdiction is the base fee. Each additional jurisdiction is priced incrementally, reflecting the source matrix for that jurisdiction. We quote a transparent jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction breakdown at scoping.

Will the source ever be named in the report?

Documentary sources are cited; HUMINT sources are protected. The report explains the source-tier classification and the level of corroboration for every finding.

Can the report be restated if the client disagrees with a finding?

The firm restates a report on identification of a material defect — a finding that is wrong, missing, or misstated. The firm does not restate a report because the client preferred a different conclusion.

Open an engagement

A scope and a fee within one working day.

Tell us the subject, the jurisdiction(s), and the question. We revert with scope, timeline, and fee in writing.